How to Get a Cell Phone Number in the USA?

Moving to the United States or setting out on a long-term adventure is truly exciting! However, one of the first things you need to do when stepping into a new country is to get a cell phone number — it will practically become your lifeline. From banking and job applications to social life and emergencies, this number serves as a vital bridge in almost every aspect of daily life. But don’t let this process intimidate you! In this comprehensive guide, you’ll find step-by-step details on how to get a phone number in the U.S., which carriers to choose, how to stay within your budget, and how to handle special situations you might encounter.

How Does the American Phone Number System Work?

Phone numbers in the U.S. follow a specific logic, similar to those in Turkey, and are structured in a 10-digit format: (XXX) XXX-XXXX.

• First 3 digits: Area Code. This indicates the geographic area the number belongs to. For example, 212 for New York (Manhattan), 213 for Los Angeles.
• Middle 3 digits: Exchange Code. It comes after the area code and can indicate a more specific geographic area or a particular switchboard of the carrier.
• Last 4 digits: Line Number. This is the unique number that belongs directly to you.

International Calls: The country code for the United States is +1. When calling a U.S. number from Turkey, you need to dial 001 or +1 followed by the 10-digit number.

Which Carrier Should You Choose in the U.S.?

There are two main groups of mobile phone service providers in the U.S.: Major Carriers and Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs). Your choice will depend on your budget, needs, and preferred coverage area.

1. Major Carriers: Wide Coverage and High Speed

These carriers use their own infrastructure, which usually means the widest coverage, fastest networks, and most comprehensive customer service. However, as a natural consequence of the quality service they provide, their prices may be somewhat higher. Monthly costs typically range from $50 to $80.

*Prices are estimated ranges for basic individual plans; these prices may increase with unlimited data plans and additional services.

2. Virtual Operators (MVNOs): Budget-Friendly Smart Solutions

Virtual operators, known as Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs), provide services by leasing infrastructure from major companies. Since they don’t have their own infrastructure costs, they can usually offer much more affordable plans. Costs can be 30-50% lower compared to major carriers.

*Prices are estimated ranges for basic individual plans; may vary with bulk payments or unlimited plans.

These operators allow you to benefit from the quality of large networks while reducing costs. However, keep in mind that customer service may sometimes be more limited, and during peak network traffic times, priority might be given to the customers of major carriers.

The Process of Getting a Phone Number in the USA: Step by Step

There are two main methods to get a phone number in the USA:

1. In-Store Application

The most common and fastest method is to visit the carrier’s physical store. Here is what you need to bring with you:

• A valid ID: U.S. driver’s license, state ID card, or passport.
• Social Security Number (SSN) or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN): You can get a number even if you don’t have these documents, but usually a deposit may be required.
• Proof of Address: A document such as a lease agreement, utility bill, or bank statement.
• Credit Check: A credit check may be required for postpaid plans. If you are new and have no credit history, this may make prepaid plans or MVNOs more attractive.

The store staff will help you choose the most suitable plan. Usually, you receive your SIM card instantly and can insert it into your phone to start using it right away.

2. Online Application Process

Applying online saves time and allows you to complete the process from the comfort of your home. You can find detailed plan information and price comparisons on the operators’ websites.

In online applications, your physical SIM card is usually shipped to your home within 2-3 business days. Some operators offer free shipping services.

SIM Card Options: Physical SIM or Digital eSIM?

When getting a phone number in America, you will encounter two different SIM card technologies:

1. Physical SIM Cards

Traditional plastic SIM cards are still the most commonly used option.

2. eSIM (Embedded SIM)

An eSIM is a digital SIM that allows you to activate your mobile data plan directly on your device without the need for a physical card. This product of modern technology is rapidly gaining popularity in the United States.

eSIM Supported Carriers: All major carriers in the U.S. (Verizon, AT&T, T-Mobile) and many virtual carriers (such as Mint Mobile, Visible, Google Fi) offer eSIM service.

eSIM Providers for Temporary/Short-Term Stays: There are also dedicated eSIM providers for those traveling to the U.S. for a short time or looking for a temporary solution:

• Airalo: Offers data packages with real local rates.
• Holafly: Sells prepaid eSIM cards with unlimited data.
• Nomad: Flexible data plans and long-term options.
• GigSky: International roaming alternatives.

Which Plan Suits You: Prepaid or Postpaid?

There are two main types of phone plans in America. When making your choice, consider your credit history and usage habits:

Special Cases for Foreign Nationals: SSN/ITIN and Roaming

Is It Possible to Get a Number Without SSN or ITIN?

Yes, you can get a phone number in the USA even if you don’t have a Social Security Number (SSN) or an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN). However, in this case, operators usually may require a deposit.

• Deposit Amount: It varies depending on the operator and the plan you choose, usually between 200 and 500 dollars.
• Deposit Refund: These deposits are usually refunded after 12 months of regular payments. The refund process and conditions may vary between operators, so be sure to get information during your application.
• MVNOs: Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs) usually do not require a deposit, which makes them an attractive option for newcomers.

International Calls and Roaming Costs

If you frequently communicate with Turkiye, choosing operators that offer international calling packages will reduce your costs.

• T-Mobile: This offers the most flexible and affordable international calling options in this regard.
• Verizon ve AT&T: Although they offer various international packages, their prices may be higher compared to T-Mobile.

Tip: Internet-based communication apps like WhatsApp, Skype, and Google Meet are the most popular way to significantly reduce international call costs. Make sure you have a sufficient mobile data plan for this.

Package Selection and Cost Calculation: Define Your Needs

Choosing the package that best fits your needs helps you avoid unnecessary expenses:

• Determine Your Data Needs:
  • Basic use (social media, email, light web browsing): 5-10 GB per month may be sufficient.
  • Heavy use (video streaming, music listening, frequent video calls): 20 GB or more, or unlimited data plans should be preferred.
• Call and Message Needs: Most modern plans include unlimited calls and messages. However, some cheaper or very basic plans may have limited services; please check this detail.
• Additional Services: Extra services such as hotspot usage, international calls, and premium content subscriptions can increase the package cost. Evaluate whether you truly need these services.

Number Portability and Bill Payment Methods

• Number Porting: Transferring your existing number (if you have one) to another operator is a fairly simple process. Your new operator manages this process for you and it is usually completed within 1-2 business days. Porting your number is free and it’s your legal right.
• Bill Payment Methods: In the U.S., you can pay your phone bill in various ways:
  • Autopay: This is the most common method and often provides a discount. Automatic withdrawals can be made from your credit card, debit card, or bank account.
  • Online Payment: You can easily make a payment through the carrier’s website or mobile app.
  • In-Store Payment: You can also make a payment at physical stores using cash or a card.
  • Phone Payment: You can make a payment by calling customer service.

Critical Points to Consider When Getting a Phone Number in the U.S.

Be sure to consider these points before signing a new contract:

• Contract Terms and Hidden Costs:
  • Data Overage Fees: Some plans that appear “unlimited” may throttle your speed after a certain data cap (e.g., 50 GB) is exceeded. Be sure to learn the details.
  • Early Termination Fees: If you sign up for a contract plan, you may usually have to pay a penalty between $200 and $350 if you cancel the contract early.
  • Automatic Renewal and Price Increases: Some plans may have price increases or automatic renewal terms after a certain period (e.g., 12-24 months).
  • Hidden Costs: There are mandatory fees added to your bill:
    • Activation Fee: Usually ranges between $35 and $50.
    • Phone Insurance: An optional add-on that typically costs around $10–$15 per month.
    • Premium Services: Subscriptions that may be added automatically without your awareness.
    • Taxes and Government Fees: State and federal taxes added to your bill at a rate of 15–20%.
• Coverage Area and Network Quality:
  • Be sure to check the signal quality of your chosen carrier in the areas where you live and frequently visit. Coverage maps on carriers’ websites may not always fully reflect reality. If possible, ask acquaintances in your area about their experience or test with a temporary plan.
• Phone Compatibility:
  • Check whether the phone you bring with you to the U.S. is compatible with U.S. networks:
    • Being Unlocked: It is crucial that your phone is not locked to any carrier. Phones locked to carriers from Turkiye will not work here.
    • Frequency Bands: Make sure your phone supports the frequency bands used in the U.S. (Most modern smartphones now support global bands.)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Can I use my phone in the U.S.?

Yes, you can use it if your phone is unlocked and supports frequency bands compatible with U.S. networks.

How long does it take to get my SIM card?

When you apply at a physical store, you can get your SIM card instantly and start using it right away. For online applications, the shipping time for a physical SIM card is about 2-3 business days. If it’s an eSIM, it is activated instantly.

What happens if I want to cancel the contract?

If you have a postpaid plan with a contract, you may have to pay an early termination fee between $200 and $350 if you cancel early. Therefore, read the contract terms carefully.

I will stay temporarily in the U.S.; which option do you recommend?

For short-term or temporary stays, prepaid plans or eSIM providers (like Airalo, Holafly) are usually the most affordable and flexible options. You neither commit to a contract nor have difficulty managing your budget.

Getting a mobile phone number in the U.S. is a process you can easily handle with the right information and a bit of preparation. By clearly identifying your needs and comparing different operators and plan options, you can find the best solution for you. We hope this guide provides you with a solid foundation for a quick and seamless start to your new life.

If you have any other questions, feel free to ask!